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The terms below may assist you in discussions with
your graphic designer.
Acrobat: Acrobat is part of
a set of applications developed by Adobe to create and view PDF
files. Acrobat is used to create the PDF files and Acrobat Reader
is used to read the PDF files.
alignment: How the text appears
in a printed piece. Common types of alignment are rag right (an
even margin on the left only) or rag left (an even margin on the
right only, justified (even margins on both sides), and centered.
artwork: A general term used
to describe photographs, drawings, paintings hand lettering, and
the like prepared to use in printed matter.
author's alterations (AA's): Customer
corrections and/or changes made in type at the proof stages; these
are not due to the printer's error and are therefore chargeable
to the customer. All corrections should be marked in red ink. AA's
are expensive and should be kept to a minimum.
bitmap image: A graphic image
stored as a specific arrangement of screen dots, or pixels. Web
graphics are bitmap images. A graphic which is defined by specifying
the colors of dots or pixels which make up the picture. Also known
as raster graphics. Common types of bitmap graphics are GIF, JPEG,
Photoshop, TIFF, MacIntosh Paint, and Microsoft Paint, etc.
bleed: When the printed image
extends beyond the trim edge of a sheet of paper.
clip art: Illustrations and
other graphics that are purchased in a reproducible form. The print
shop has a substantial collection of clip art for your use.
Compression: A technique to
make a file or a data stream smaller for faster transmission or
to take up less disk storage space.
DPI: Stands for dots per inch.
DPI specifies the resolution of an output device such as printers
and image setters or monitors.
Duotone: The application of
two colors of ink to provide richer tones than a single color image
can provide.
EPS: Encapsulated Post Script
is a standard format for saving object-oriented graphics. Some common
packages that support EPS files are Illustrator, Freehand, and CorelDraw.
EPS is the preferred format for printing output. If you are submitting
digital files to Printing Services, all EPS files must be submitted
on your digital file in a folder named "graphics".
export: To save a file in a
different format (that of another program). For example, many Adobe
Photoshop files are exported to become GIF or JPEG files.
flush: Even with, usually refers
to typeset copy.
font: A font is a complete
set of characters in a particular size and style of type. This includes
the letter set, the number set, and all of the special character
and diacritical marks. If you are providing digital files to Printing
Services, all fonts must be submitted on your digital file.in a
folder named "fonts"
four color process: The four
basic colors of ink (yellow, magenta, cyan, and black) which reproduce
full-color photographs or art.
FTP: Stands for File Transfer
Protocol. FTP allows you to copy or send files from one computer
to another via the internet.
GIF: Graphics Interchange Format.
Compressed bit-mapped or raster graphics, limited to 256 colors.
Current popular use is for web pages.
gripper edge: Lead edge of
the paper that moves through a printing press. No printing can take
place on the gripper edge. A 3/8" margin (minimum) must be
left for the gripper.
halftone: Picture with graduations
of tone formed by dots of varying sizes. This process is used to
reproduce art such as photographs or continuous tone drawing.
hard copy: A paper print out
of a file from a disk. Usually required from customers who are providing
their own key strokes on a disk.
imagesetter: A device used
to output computer images or composition at high resolution onto
film.
JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts
Group. A compressed file, usually of a photograph, that reduces
the amount of data needed to display a full-color bitmap. Usually
results in loss of quality. JPEG images allow for more colors than
GIF images and are usually smaller in size. Also used for web pages.
kerning: The horizontal spacing
between the letters in a word.
leading: Vertical space between
lines of text. Also known as line spacing.
morie: An undesirable screen
pattern in a negative resulting from a prescreened picture or photo.
PDF: Stands for Portable Document
Format. Created by Adobe Systems in its software program Adobe Acrobat
as a universal browser. Files can be downloaded via the web and
viewed page by page.
point: In typography, a point
is the smallest unit of measurement for type size, one point approximating
1/72 of an inch.
Postscript: A page description
language that converts text and graphics into a form compatible
with output devices such as printers, imagesetters, etc. Includes
typefaces as well as graphics and placement of text.
sans serif: A type face without
"feet" or "tails", such as Helvetica.
serif: The "feet",
"tails", and "swashes" seen on such typefaces
as Times. Increases readability of the copy.
solid: An area completely covered
with ink, of the use of 100% of a given color.
spot color: Printing using
black and one or two additional colors of ink.
TIFF: Tagged Image Format.
A format for storing gray-scale data. It is the standard format
for scanned images and for exporting gray-scale and color images
to other programs. TIFF is preferred for printing output. When submitting
digital files to Printing Services, TIFF files must be provided
in a folder named "graphics".
typeface: A typeface contains
a series of fonts. For example, the typeface Arial contains the
fonts Arial, Arial Bold, Arial Italic and Arial Bold Italic.
vector graphic: A graphic image
drawn in shapes and lines, called paths. Images created in Illustrator
and Freehand are vector graphics.
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